The double gate in the courtyard leads to Central Yharnam.
Before Hunter's Dream
Note ("Seek Paleblood")
On a chair next to the stretcher where you start the game. Once you visit Hunter's Dream, the door will be locked and you won't be able to reach it until nightfall.
After Hunter's Dream
After visiting the Hunter's Dream, the door to the room where you woke up will be locked, but you can talk to Iosefka through it.
Only available during afternoon. Avoid swinging weapons around the door, as hitting it more than twice will prevent any further interaction with Iosefka.
You can get another when you spend it.
"This night is long"
Along with getting your fourth Iosefka's Blood Vial.
Initially reachable only from the Forbidden Woods.
Poison cave
Follow the hidden path behind the kennesl in village approach (Forbidden Woods).
At the green-lit obelisk in the middle of the pool.
Behind the large rock pillar next to the small island at the rear end of the lake of poison.
From the entrance, turn left and follow the wall. It will eventually reach a small tunnel with several Parasite Larvas and the gem at the end of it.
Courtyard
Across from the entrance of the poison lake is a cave with a ladder leading up to the inner courtyard of the clinic.
Gate
Connects the clinic's inner courtyard with the outer, allowing direct access from/to the starting area.
Clinic
Note ("Seek Paleblood")
On a chair next to the stretcher where you started the game.
Celestial Minion (bookshelf)
Celestial Minion (crouching)
If you sent Afflicted Beggar here.
Beast (+50)
Celestial Minion (window)
If you sent Arianna here.
Celestial Minion (walking, hallway)
If you sent Young Girl here.
Formless Oedon (+1)
Celestial Minion (wall)
If you sent Adella here.
Oedon Writhe (+1)
Celestial Minion (walking, intersection)
If you sent Narrow Minded Man here.
Communion (+3)
In a chest in a room at the end of the hallway.
Celestial Minion (medicine shelf)
If you sent Lonely Old Dear here.
"Moonlit scents"
Kill her
Oedon Writhe (+2)
Leave her alive
You miss out on picking up Oedon Writhe (+2) rune, but will be able to acquire Third Umbillical Cord during blood moon.